Books
Before using this guide check with your faculty, school or department for their specific referencing guidelines.
Notes:
Follow these examples closely for all layout, punctuation, spacing and capitalizing.
Enter author's surname, followed by no more than 2 initials.
Give all authors' names and separate each by a comma and a space.
Enter all authors' names in the order in which they appear in the original source.
Only the first word of the article title and words that normally begin with a capital letter are capitalized.
For book chapters abbreviate page numbers to p. eg p. 12-25. Where appropriate abbreviate thus: p. 122-8.
For electronic books include the DOI (Digital Object Identifier) if it is given and place it after the URL (web address).
Abbreviate months to their first 3 letters
The formats for Tables and Figures (see below) can also be applied to charts, photographs, graphs etc.
For more detailed information go to: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/citingmedicine
Book
| Format |
Author AA. Title of book. # edition [if not first]. Place of Publication: Publisher; Year of publication. Pagination |
|
Reference |
Carlson BM. Human embryology and developmental biology. 4th ed. St. Louis: Mosby; 2009. 541 p. |
Edited Book
| Format |
Editor AA, Editor BB, editors. Title of book. # edition[if not first]. Place of Publication: Publisher; Year. Pagination. |
| Reference |
O'Campo P, Dunn JR, editors. Rethinking social epidemiology: towards a science of change.Dordrecht: Springer; 2012. 348 p. |
Chapter in a book
| Format |
Author AA, Author BB. Title of book. # edition. Place of Publication: Publisher; Year of publication. Chapter number, Chapter title; p. [page numbers of chapter]. |
| Reference | Speroff, Leon; Fritz, Marc A. Clinical gynecologic endocrinology and infertility. 7th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; c2005. Chapter 29, Endometriosis; p. 1103-33. |
Chapter in an edited book
| Format |
Author AA, Author BB. Title of chapter. In: Editor AA, Editor BB, editors. Title of book. # edition. Place of Publication: Publisher; Year of publication. p. [page numbers of chapter]. |
| Reference | Blaxter PS, Farnsworth TP. Social health and class inequalities. In: Carter C, Peel JR, editors. Equalities and inequalities in health. 2nd ed. London: Academic Press; 1976. p. 165-78. |
Electronic book
| Format |
Author AA. Title of web page [Internet]. Place of Publication: Sponsor of Website/Publisher; Year published [cited YYYY Mon DD]. Number of pages. Available from: URL DOI: (if available) |
| Reference |
Shreeve DF. Reactive attachment disorder: a case-based approach [Internet]. New York: Springer; 2012 [cited 2012 Nov 2]. 85 p. Available from: http://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-1-4614-1647-0/
Example with a DOI
|
Chapter in an edited electronic book
| Format |
Author AA, Author BB. Title of chapter. In: Editor AA, Editor BB, editors. Title of the book [Internet]. Place of publication: Publisher's name; Year of publication. [cited YYYY Mon DD]. p. #. [page or chapter number/s]. Available from: URL DOI [if available] |
| Reference |
Halpen-Felsher BL, Morrell HE. Preventing and reducing tobacco use. In: Berlan ED, Bravender T, editors. Adolescent Medicine today: a guide to caring for the adolescent patient [Internet]. Singapore: World Scientific Publishing Co.; 2012. [cited 2012 Nov 3]. Chapter 18. Available from: http://www.worldscientific.com/doi/pdf/10.1142/9789814324496_0018 |
Table in a book
| Format | Author AA. Title of book. # of edition. Place of publication: Publisher; year. Table number, table caption; p. number. |
| Reference | Burant CF. Medical management of type 2 diabetes. 5th ed. Alexandria (VA): American Diabetes Association; c2004. Table 3.12, Sample regimens for achieving glycemic control; p. 68. |
Table in an electronic book
| Format | Author AA, Author BB, Author CC, Author DD. Title of book [Internet]. Place of publication: Publisher; year. [Table #], table caption; [cited YYYY Mon DD]; p. number. Available from: URL |
| References |
Noel Walker J, Del Rosso JM, Karyl Held A. Nutrition and physical activity field assessment of children in rural America [Internet]. Westport (CT): Save the Children; 2005 Mar. Table 1, Prevalence of overweight among rural children in Save the Children regions; [cited 2006 Nov 7]; p. 2. Available from: http://www.savethechildren.org/publications/ |
Figure in a book
| Format | Author AA. Title of book. # edition. Place of publication: Publisher; year. Figure #, figure caption ; p.numbers. |
| Reference | Lashley FR. Clinical genetics in nursing practice. 3rd ed. New York: Springer Publishing Company; c2005. Figure 2.5, Meiosis with two autosomal chromosome pairs; p. 27-8. |
Figure in an electronic book
| Format | Author AA, Author BB, Author CC, Author DD, Author EE. Title of book [Internet]. Place of publication: Publisher; year. Figure #, figure caption; [cited YYYY Mon DD]; p. number. Available from: URL |
| Reference | Collins SR, Kriss JL, Davis K, Doty MM, Holmgren AL. Squeezed: why rising exposure to health care costs threatens the health and financial well-being of American families [Internet]. New York: Commonwealth Fund; 2006 Sep. Figure ES-1, Individual market is not an affordable option for many people; [cited 2006 Nov 15]; p. viii. Available from: http://www.cmwf.org/usr_doc/Collins_squeezedrisinghltcarecosts_953.pdf |
Patrias K. Citing medicine: the NLM style guide for authors, editors, and publishers [Internet]. 2nd ed. Wendling DL, technical editor. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US); 2007 [updated 2009 Oct 21; cited 2012 Nov 10]. Available from: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/citingmedicine
